BioNTech, modernoa, curevac, covid-19, coronavirus, txertoa:
20200320AD
BTM Innovations, lankidetza publiko-pribatua, Apeiron, SRI International, Iktos, droga antiviralak, AdaptVac, ExpreS2ion Biotechnologies, pfizer, janssen, sanofi,

Martxoaren 16an, Europako Batzordeak jakinarazi zuen 80 milioi euro eskaini zizkion CureVac enpresa alemaniarrari koronavirusaren txertoa lortzeko lanak azkartzeko. Informazio hau Alemaniako gobernuko iturriek esan zuten Donald Trumpeko administrazioak balizko txertoa eskuratzeko modua bilatzen ari zela. Horrek esan nahi du gizakientzat hain garrantzitsua den irtenbide bat lantzen ari den enpresa bakarra dagoela? OMEk (Osasunaren Mundu Erakundea) horrelako 13 enpresei buruzko datuak argitaratzen ditu bere webguneetan, eta Global Data baseak gai honetan lan egiten duten 30 erakunde adierazten ditu. Gure arazoei erremedio azkarra emateko aukerarik al dago? Deabrua xehetasunetan dago beti.
Ofizialki, ez dago txertoa gizakietan probatzen ari den proba klinikoko fase batera igaro den enpresa bakarra - Moderna amerikarra. Probak Estatu Batuetan egiten dira Seattleko Washington Institute of Health Research-en. Txertaketa potentzialaren garapen hori ez da aurrekaririk izan, eta zientzialariek SARS eta MERS epidemiak eragin zituzten koronavirusekin esperientzia baliatu ahal izan zuten. Erregistroak hautsi egin dituen arren, txertoa birusaren aurka segurua eta eraginkorra dela frogatu arren, ez da gutxienez urtebetez egongo eskuragarri.
Coronavirus txertoa garatu nahi duten gainerako jokalari guztiak fase prekliniko aurreratuenean daude. Klase preklinikoa laborategi eta animalietan ikerketa da, urte eta erdi inguru txertoa besterik ezin dutela ekarri. Zaila da esatea nork irabazi duen txertoaren lasterketa, baina aukera handienak ez dira start-upak, farmazia enpresa handiak baizik.

CureVac konpainia alemaniarrak Oslo izeneko egoitza duen erakunde publiko batekin lankidetzan aritzen da Epidemia prestatzeko koalizioa (CEPI). MRNA oinarritutako txertoa lantzen ari dira. Moderna mRNA erraldoi amerikarra bezala, CureVacek mRNA txertoak ohiko txertoak baino azkarrago garatu eta fabrikatuko direla frogatu nahi du, eta Uda hasieran entsegu klinikoetara joateko asmoa du.
CureVac-ek bezala, BioNTech konpainia alemaniarrak, minbiziaren eta gripearen aurkako mRNA txertoak garatzen dituena, Cfid19 birusaren aurkako txertoa garatzeko Pfizer erraldoi farmazeutikoarekin lankidetza potentzialaren gaia da. Sanofi eta Janssen Ikerketa eta Garapenerako Bulego Biomedikoko Estatu Batuetako (BARDA) lankidetzarekin lankidetzan aritzen dira eta fase prekliniko batean daude ere.
Proiektu txikiago asko ere abian dira. Astelehenean2 milioi euroko diru-laguntza Horizon2020 programaren barruan Danimarkako partzuergo publiko-pribatuari zuzendu zitzaion: bioteknologiako enpresak ExpreS2ion Biotechnologies eta AdaptVac. Partzuergoak asmoa du txertoari buruzko I / IIa faseko proba klinikoa abiaraztea 12 hilabeteko epean.

Lehen txertoa fase preklinikoan egon daitekeen arte uda arte, erregulatzaileek gizakien azterketak egin beharko dituzte bi urtez, txertoa segurua eta eraginkorra dela ziurtatzeko. Onarpena lortu ondoren, enpresek txertoa ekoizten eta banatzen has dezakete merkataritza eskalan, eta horrek ere denbora luzea behar du. Laburbilduz, munduak 2121 erdialdearen inguruan bakarrik ikusten du onartutako Covid-19 txertoa.
Hala ere, badirudi txertoa ez dela salbazio bakarra. Enpresa askok espero dute antibiotiko berriak garatzea edo egungo sendagai esperimentalak egokitzea birus berriari aurre egiteko. Lan zaila da, izan ere, bakterioak ez bezala, birusak gure zeluletan ezkutatzen dira. Horrek esan nahi du birusa gelditzen duten sendagaiek maizago eragiten dutela gure zeluletan, eta horrek bigarren mailako efektuak eragin ditzakeela.
Inteligentzia artifizialaren bidez drogak ekoizten ari zen Parisko konpainiak SRI International konpainia kimiko estatubatuarrarekin lankidetza hasi zuen. Elkarlanaren helburua Covid19 eta beste birus mota batzuk tratatzeko sendagai antiviralak berriak garatzea da. Apeiron bioteknologiako enpresa austriarrak otsailaren amaieran Covid-19ren aurkako hautagaien aurkako medikuntzaren proba kliniko pilotu bat hasi zuen. Proteina drogak dagoeneko burutu ditu I. eta II Faseko ikerketak biriketako lesio akutuen tratamenduan eta biriken inbasioan koronavirusarekin lotzen den proteina imitatuz funtzionatuko dela espero da. Covid-19 tratamenduan onartutako sendagai antiviralak erabiltzea aldatzera zuzendutako proiektu ugari ere badaude. Horrek abantaila du drogaren segurtasuna jada ezaguna dela eta merkatura azkarrago irits daitekeela. Göttingen eta Berlin-eko (Alemania) ikertzaileek kamostat mesilatoaren potentziala ikertzen ari dira - Japonian homologatutako pankreatita tratatzeko.

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BioNTech, moderna, curevac, covid-19, coronavirus, vaccine:
20200320AD
BTM Innovations, public-private partnership, Apeiron, SRI International, Iktos, antiviral drugs, AdaptVac, ExpreS2ion Biotechnologies, pfizer, janssen, sanofi, 

On March 16, the European Commission announced that it offered EUR 80 million in support to the German company CureVac to accelerate work on the coronavirus vaccine. This information appears the day after German government sources said the Donald Trump administration was looking for a way to get access to this potential vaccine. Does this mean that there is only one company that is working on a solution that is so important for humanity? WHO (World Health Organization) publishes data on 13 such companies on its pages, and the Global Data database indicates 30 institutions working on the topic. So are there any chances for a quick remedy for our troubles? The devil is always in the details.
Officially, there is only one company - American Moderna - that has gone to the phase of clinical trials where the vaccine is being tested on humans. Tests are conducted in the United States at the Washington Institute of Health Research in Seattle. Such rapid development of a potential vaccine is unprecedented and was possible because scientists were able to use the experience of related coronaviruses that caused SARS and MERS epidemics. Despite record fast work, even if the vaccine proves safe and effective against the virus, it will not be available for at least a year.
All other players seeking to develop a coronavirus vaccine are currently at most pre-clinical stage. The preclinical stage is research in laboratories and animals that can only lead to vaccines in about a year and a half. It's hard to say who wins the race for the vaccine, but the biggest chances are not start-ups, but big drug companies.

The German company CureVac cooperates with a public institution based in Oslo, the so-called Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness (CEPI). They are working on an mRNA-based vaccine. Like the American giant Moderna mRNA, CureVac wants to prove that mRNA vaccines will be developed and manufactured faster than traditional vaccines and intends to move to Phase I clinical trials early this summer.
Like CureVac - the German company BioNTech, which develops mRNA vaccines for cancer and influenza - is the subject of a potential partnership with the pharmaceutical giant Pfizer to develop a vaccine for the Covid-19 virus. Sanofi and Janssen cooperate with the American Biomedical Advanced Office for Research and Development (BARDA) and are also at a preclinical stage.
Many smaller projects are also underway. On Monday, EUR 2.7 million in subsidies under Horizon 2020 was allocated to the Danish public-private consortium: biotechnology companies ExpreS2ion Biotechnologies and AdaptVac. The consortium intends to launch a phase I / IIa clinical trial for the vaccine within 12 months.

While the earliest vaccines may be in Phase I preclinical studies up to summer, regulatory authorities will probably require one to two years of human testing to ensure that the vaccine is safe and effective. After obtaining approval, companies can start producing and distributing the vaccine on a commercial scale, which also takes a long time. In summary, the world can see the approved Covid-19 vaccine only around mid-2021.
However, it turns out that the vaccine is not the only salvation. Many companies expect to develop new antiviral drugs or adapt current experimental drugs to fight the new virus. This is a difficult task, because unlike bacteria, viruses hide in our own cells. This means that medicines that stop viruses affect our cells more often, which can cause side effects.
The Paris company Iktos, dealing in the creation of drugs using artificial intelligence, has started cooperation with the American chemical company SRI International. The goal of the collaboration is to develop new antiviral drugs for the treatment of Covid-19 and other types of viruses. The Austrian biotechnology company Apeiron began a phase II pilot clinical trial of the candidate drug against Covid-19 at the end of February. The protein drug has already completed Phase I and II studies in the treatment of acute lung injury and is expected to act by mimicking the protein with which coronavirus binds during lung invasion. there are also many projects aimed at changing the use of approved antiviral drugs for the treatment of Covid-19. This has the advantage that the drug's safety is already known and can reach the market faster. Researchers at institutions in Göttingen and Berlin, Germany, are currently investigating the potential of kamostat mesylate - a drug approved in Japan for the treatment of pancreatitis.

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