Izimpawu zomkhuhlane: Izindlela zokutheleleka komkhuhlane kanye nezinkinga:

Umkhuhlane yisifo esasisazi ngeminyaka eyinkulungwane, namanje ngokubuya kwesizini kungasinqamula ngokushesha izinyawo zethu futhi isikhathi eside kusikhiphe emisebenzini yobungcweti. Ngokokuqala ngqa ngekhulu lesine leminyaka B.C.E. UHippocrates umchaze. U-Influenza wazabalaza ngeNkathi Ephakathi, futhi isifo esiwumshayabhuqe esalandela, sidlula eYurophu, e-Asia naseMelika sisuka ekhulwini leshumi nesithupha kuya ekhulwini lama-20, sabulala izimpilo zezigidi zezisulu. Umkhuhlane odumile "waseSpain", noma we-H1N1 of umkhuhlane Igciwane elethwe yizinyoni, eminyakeni emibili kwathatha isivuno esikhulu kunayo yonke iMpi Yezwe yokuqala. Namuhla, ngenxa yemithi yokugoma ethandwa kakhulu, sivikelekile ekuqhekekeni kolunye ubhubhane, kepha lokhu akuguquki iqiniso lokuthi emkhakheni ngamunye, umkhuhlane usesesinye sezifo ezithathelanayo eziyingozi ezibangelwa yigciwane, ikakhulukazi esithinta ipheshana lokuphefumula. Ngeshwa, singawuthola umkhuhlane amahlandla amaningi ngoba leli gciwane lihlala liguquka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iminyaka yethu, ukugula kwangaphambilini kanye nendawo esihlala kuyo kungakhulisa ubungozi kanye nokuvela kwezinkinga ezinkulu.

Enye yezinselelo lapho ulawula ukuqubuka komkhuhlane ngezikhathi ezithile ukungasebenzi kwayo okuphezulu. Ngokuthimula noma ukukhwehlela, sikhipha amagciwane emoyeni, ahamba ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha ayi-100 / h, axazulule zonke izinto ezizungeze onegciwane. Yize leli gciwane lomkhuhlane lingadonsa kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezine, kumele sikhumbule ukuthi liyakwazi ukusabalalisa ngempumelelo ngisho amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala. EPoland, inkathi yomkhuhlane iqala ngoSepthemba kuya ku-Ephreli, futhi ifinyelela esikhathini esiphakathi kukaJanuwari noMashi. Izibhedlela ezweni lonke bese zibhalisa phakathi kwezigidi eziyikhulu nezinkulungwane eziningana zomkhuhlane nokugula okufana nomkhuhlane.

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane:
Umkhuhlane ukuthi uhlasela ngokushesha okukhulu - kaningi ngaphandle kwezigaba zesikhashana. Lezi, ziwuphawu lomkhuhlane ophanjaniswa nomkhuhlane, okuthi, yize unezimpawu ezifanayo, unesimo esibuhlungu kakhulu lapho i-rhinitis, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ikhala eligobhozayo, ivame ukukhathaza. Noma kunjalo, akuyona into ebaluleke kakhulu yomkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, cishe njalo lapho sithola ukutheleleka ngegciwane kohlelo lokuphefumula, siyohambisana nomuzwa wokukhathala okungapheli, ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo nokuphefumula okujulile. Izimpawu zomkhuhlane ezinzima kakhulu kufanele zime ngemuva kwezinsuku ezine. Uma ukungaphatheki kahle kuyaqhubeka, kufanele kuboniswane nodokotela. Nazi izimpawu ezibonakala kakhulu zomkhuhlane:

- Ubuhlungu emisipha nasekuhlanganeni, esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi "ukuphuka kwamathambo".
- Umkhuhlane, ukusuka ku-38 kuye ku-40 ° C, ovame ukuwa ngokwemvelo ezinsukwini ezingama-3-5 ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala. Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka futhi futhi ngemuva kokwehla kokuqala kokushisa, lokhu kungakhombisa ukubumbana kwamagciwane. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme livame ukuhambisana nokubanda futhi ukukhuphuka kokujuluka.
Ukukhwehlela okomile nokuxakayo okuhambisana nomuzwa wokuklabalasa umphimbo. Umphimbo obuhlungu ungavela kamuva kulesi sifo esine-rhinitis emnene.

- Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, okuphikisana nokubonakala, kuwumsebenzi onenzuzo womzimba, othi, ngokuchitheka kokugaya, uqinise amasosha omzimba ukuqinisa ukulwa nalesi sifo.

- Ubuhlungu bekhanda kanye ne-photophobia, ngokuvamile kunciphise ukuphinda ungene ku-stimuli yangaphandle.

Ngeshwa, ezinganeni nasebekhulile, abahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, umkhuhlane ungashesha kakhulu futhi nezimpawu zaso zimbi kakhulu. Uma uhlangabezana nokudideka, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukuncipha okuphawulekile kokuchama, umfutho ophansi wegazi, izinkinga zokuphefumula nokuphalaza kwegazi - iya esibhedlela esiseduze.


Igciwane lomkhuhlane belilokhu libuyela emuva cyclically kusukela ekuqaleni kobuntu. Ngenxa yokuhanjiswa kwayo kalula kanye nokuguqulwa okungaguquki, naphezu kokuhlanzeka ngezikhathi ezithile nokusetshenziswa komgomo, izifo eziwumshayabhuqe zonyaka ziqhuma minyaka yonke ekwindla nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Njalo eminyakeni embalwa, kepha usongo luyanda; kunezifo zomhlaba jikelele, kubandakanya umkhuhlane wezingulube A / H1N1v. Ngenxa yokuthi uhlobo lwalusha, kwakungekho ukumelana kwemvelo komzimba kulo leli gciwane, ngakho-ke umkhuhlane wobhubhane usakazeka kaningi ngokushesha kunesikhathi sonyaka.

Igciwane lomkhuhlane uqobo lihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu, u-A, B no-C, abantu ikakhulu abangenwe yilezi zinhlobo A no-B, kuyilapho uC ebangela izifo ezingenabungozi kuphela. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu u-A, ngokuya ngobukhona bamaprotheni athile ngaphezulu kwegciwane, lihlukaniswe ngama-neuraminidase (N) kanye ne-hemagglutinin (H) subtypes. Ngokusekelwe kuzo, kuvela izinguquko ezivamile ze-H3N2, H1N1 ne-H1N2, ezingagonywa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uhlobo lwegciwane lomkhuhlane B alubi yingozi njengo-A ngoba liqukethe umucu owodwa we-RNA, futhi ngenxa yalokho lunama-subtypes amabili we-HA ne-NA kuphela ngakho-ke aluthinteki ekuguqukeni kwezinguquko.
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