BioNTech，Moderna，Curevac，covid-19，冠状病毒，疫苗：
20200320AD
BTM Innovations，公私合作伙伴关系，Apeiron，SRI International，Iktos，抗病毒药，AdaptVac，ExpreS2ion Biotechnologies，pfizer，janssen，sanofi，

3月16日，欧盟委员会宣布将提供8000万欧元，以支持德国公司CureVac加快冠状病毒疫苗的研发工作。该信息出现在德国政府消息人士称唐纳德·特朗普政府正在寻找一种途径获得这种潜在疫苗的第二天。这是否意味着只有一家公司正在研究对人类如此重要的解决方案？世卫组织（世界卫生组织）在其网站上发布了13家此类公司的数据，全球数据数据库显示有30家从事该主题的机构。那么，是否有机会迅速解决我们的麻烦？魔鬼永远在细节中。
正式地，只有一家公司-American Moderna-经历了在人体中进行疫苗测试的临床试验阶段。测试是在美国西雅图的华盛顿健康研究所进行的。如此快速的潜在疫苗开发是空前的，而且是可能的，因为科学家可以利用冠状病毒的经验来引发SARS和MERS流行。尽管有破纪录的工作，即使疫苗证明对这种病毒是安全有效的，也将至少有一年不可用。
其他所有想要开发冠状病毒疫苗的参与者目前都处于临床前阶段。临床前阶段是在实验室和动物中进行的研究，这些研究只能在大约一年半的时间内进行疫苗接种。很难说谁赢得了疫苗竞赛，但是最大的机会不是初创企业，而是大型制药公司。

德国公司CureVac与位于奥斯陆的一家公共机构合作，所谓的流行病预防联盟（CEPI）。他们正在研究一种基于mRNA的疫苗。与美国巨头Moderna mRNA一样，CureVac希望证明mRNA疫苗的开发和生产速度要比传统疫苗更快，并打算在今年夏天初进行I期临床试验。
像CureVac一样，德国公司BioNTech专门开发用于癌症和流感的mRNA疫苗，也是与制药巨头辉瑞公司潜在合作伙伴关系的对象，以开发针对Covid19病毒的疫苗。赛诺菲（Sanofi）和扬森（Janssen）与美国生物医学高级研究与开发办公室（BARDA）合作，并且也处于临床前阶段。
许多较小的项目也在进行中。 2月2日，“地平线2020”计划下的700万欧元补贴分配给了丹麦的公私合营企业：生物技术公司ExpreS2ion Biotechnologies和AdaptVac。该联盟计划在12个月内针对该疫苗启动I / IIa期临床试验。

尽管最早的疫苗可能在夏季之前都处于临床前阶段，但监管机构可能需要进行一到两年的人工测试，以确保疫苗安全有效。获得批准后，公司可以开始以商业规模生产和分发疫苗，这也需要很长时间。总而言之，全世界仅在2121年中左右才看到批准的Covid-19疫苗。
然而，事实证明，疫苗不是唯一的救赎方法。许多公司期望开发新的抗病毒药物或使当前的实验药物适应新病毒。这是一项艰巨的任务，因为与细菌不同，病毒隐藏在我们自己的细胞中。这意味着阻止病毒的药物会更多地影响我们的细胞，从而引起副作用。
从事人工智能生产药物的巴黎公司Iktos开始与美国化学公司SRI International合作。合作的目标是开发新的抗病毒药物来治疗Covid19和其他类型的病毒。奥地利生物技术公司Apeiron于2月底开始了针对Covid-19的候选药物的II期中试临床试验。该蛋白药物已经完成了急性肺损伤治疗的I和II期研究，有望通过模仿在肺部入侵过程中与冠状病毒结合的蛋白来发挥作用。还有许多项目旨在改变批准的抗病毒药物在治疗Covid-19中的用途。这样做的好处是，药物的安全性是已知的，可以更快地进入市场。来自哥廷根和德国柏林的研究人员目前正在研究甲磺酸钾敏酯的潜力。甲磺酸钾敏酯是一种在日本获准用于治疗胰腺炎的药物。

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BioNTech, moderna, curevac, covid-19, coronavirus, vaccine:
20200320AD
BTM Innovations, public-private partnership, Apeiron, SRI International, Iktos, antiviral drugs, AdaptVac, ExpreS2ion Biotechnologies, pfizer, janssen, sanofi, 

On March 16, the European Commission announced that it offered EUR 80 million in support to the German company CureVac to accelerate work on the coronavirus vaccine. This information appears the day after German government sources said the Donald Trump administration was looking for a way to get access to this potential vaccine. Does this mean that there is only one company that is working on a solution that is so important for humanity? WHO (World Health Organization) publishes data on 13 such companies on its pages, and the Global Data database indicates 30 institutions working on the topic. So are there any chances for a quick remedy for our troubles? The devil is always in the details.
Officially, there is only one company - American Moderna - that has gone to the phase of clinical trials where the vaccine is being tested on humans. Tests are conducted in the United States at the Washington Institute of Health Research in Seattle. Such rapid development of a potential vaccine is unprecedented and was possible because scientists were able to use the experience of related coronaviruses that caused SARS and MERS epidemics. Despite record fast work, even if the vaccine proves safe and effective against the virus, it will not be available for at least a year.
All other players seeking to develop a coronavirus vaccine are currently at most pre-clinical stage. The preclinical stage is research in laboratories and animals that can only lead to vaccines in about a year and a half. It's hard to say who wins the race for the vaccine, but the biggest chances are not start-ups, but big drug companies.

The German company CureVac cooperates with a public institution based in Oslo, the so-called Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness (CEPI). They are working on an mRNA-based vaccine. Like the American giant Moderna mRNA, CureVac wants to prove that mRNA vaccines will be developed and manufactured faster than traditional vaccines and intends to move to Phase I clinical trials early this summer.
Like CureVac - the German company BioNTech, which develops mRNA vaccines for cancer and influenza - is the subject of a potential partnership with the pharmaceutical giant Pfizer to develop a vaccine for the Covid-19 virus. Sanofi and Janssen cooperate with the American Biomedical Advanced Office for Research and Development (BARDA) and are also at a preclinical stage.
Many smaller projects are also underway. On Monday, EUR 2.7 million in subsidies under Horizon 2020 was allocated to the Danish public-private consortium: biotechnology companies ExpreS2ion Biotechnologies and AdaptVac. The consortium intends to launch a phase I / IIa clinical trial for the vaccine within 12 months.

While the earliest vaccines may be in Phase I preclinical studies up to summer, regulatory authorities will probably require one to two years of human testing to ensure that the vaccine is safe and effective. After obtaining approval, companies can start producing and distributing the vaccine on a commercial scale, which also takes a long time. In summary, the world can see the approved Covid-19 vaccine only around mid-2021.
However, it turns out that the vaccine is not the only salvation. Many companies expect to develop new antiviral drugs or adapt current experimental drugs to fight the new virus. This is a difficult task, because unlike bacteria, viruses hide in our own cells. This means that medicines that stop viruses affect our cells more often, which can cause side effects.
The Paris company Iktos, dealing in the creation of drugs using artificial intelligence, has started cooperation with the American chemical company SRI International. The goal of the collaboration is to develop new antiviral drugs for the treatment of Covid-19 and other types of viruses. The Austrian biotechnology company Apeiron began a phase II pilot clinical trial of the candidate drug against Covid-19 at the end of February. The protein drug has already completed Phase I and II studies in the treatment of acute lung injury and is expected to act by mimicking the protein with which coronavirus binds during lung invasion. there are also many projects aimed at changing the use of approved antiviral drugs for the treatment of Covid-19. This has the advantage that the drug's safety is already known and can reach the market faster. Researchers at institutions in Göttingen and Berlin, Germany, are currently investigating the potential of kamostat mesylate - a drug approved in Japan for the treatment of pancreatitis.

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